The hottest food industry and packaging developmen

This paper analyzes the general situation of China's food industry, puts forward the problems of food safety and new technologies, and points out the development trend of food packaging industry

1. Overview of the food industry

food is the most important thing for the people. Since the reform and opening up, due to lack of experience and no access to relevant data, China's food industry has continued to develop at a high speed. The total output value of the national food industry was 134.2 billion yuan in 1988, increased to 210.6 billion yuan in 1990, 324.8 billion yuan in 1993, 471.4 billion yuan in 1996, 590 billion yuan in 1998, and reached 123.9 billion yuan in 2003

over the past ten years, the food industry has developed rapidly. Originally, grain processing was mainly rice and flour, but now it has a sudden rise. In 2003, the annual output of 42.2 billion packets: the newly developed liquid milk in dairy products reached 5.28 million tons; soy sauce, vinegar, compound seasoning reached 130 tons. On the tension machine, it must be ensured that the connecting line is located on the right side of the parallel line, 0 million tons: 9 million tons of starch and starch sugar; There are 2.3 million tons of food additives, and the food packaging industry has also developed greatly. The flour food industry is no longer the original 14 categories. Among these industries, beer, beverage and liquid milk have a larger increase, followed by other dairy products, edible vegetable oil, rice, wheat flour and other grain processing products, meat products, aquatic products, baked products, etc., which can be summarized into three types:

-- a high-speed growth food industry. Such as liquid milk and other dairy products, edible vegetable oil, fruit and vegetable products, the sales revenue of such products generally increases by 30% - 50%

-- food industry with rapid economic growth. Such as baked goods, edible vegetable oil, grain processing products, liquid milk and other dairy products, the profit growth rate of such products generally exceeded 50%

-- the food industry with high input-output level, alcohol manufacturing, soft drinks, candy, chocolate and preserves manufacturing, liquid milk and other dairy products, and the economic benefits of sub products are significantly higher than those of other industries

2. food safety problems

with the development of the food industry, the food pollution problems caused by industrialization are becoming more and more serious. The hidden dangers of food safety include: heavy metal pollution, such as lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, etc.; pesticide residues, veterinary drug residues; Toxic substances, such as mycotoxins, nitrites, dioxins, trichloropropanol; The dosage of additives exceeds the standard; Genetically modified food, etc. The development of food industry must emphasize food safety, so that people can eat safe and reassuring food. Modern food should be safe, nutritious, convenient and healthy

3. new food technology

high and new technologies in the food industry in the 21st century are mainly applied in the following four areas:

1) upgrading the traditional food industry. For example, microwave technology, molecular distillation technology, membrane technology, microcapsule embedding technology, biotechnology, etc. are widely used in grain processing, condiments, dairy products, beverages and other industries

2) development of natural, functional and health food additives

3) development of new biological products

4) new packaging materials and packaging methods, etc

II. Food and packaging

the food manufacturing industry mainly includes three parts: food processing technology, food machinery and food packaging. Food processing technology is to study and improve product quality and ensure health and safety, and food machinery and food packaging have great relevance. For example, the sterilization intensity and shelf life of beverages are closely related to the packaging materials and shapes, including their appearance and whether they are easy to transport and drink, which directly determine whether they can be sold successfully. It can be said that the competition in the food market in the 21st century largely depends on the competition in packaging. According to the information provided by the World Packaging Organization, the global packaging turnover has exceeded US $500billion, accounting for 1~2% of the global GDP. Its composition is: paper and paperboard 32%, plastics 28%, metals 24%, glass 1 batch of market segments ldquo; Little great man rdquo; Enterprise glass 6%, packaging machinery 5%, others 5%. According to the American Packaging Association, the growth rate of paper and paperboard was 1.6% and that of plastic was 3.4%. Plastic packaging materials are the fastest growing of all packaging materials. The development of China's food industry in recent years can also prove this. The following takes the food industry with rapid development as an example

1. Beverage industry

in 2002, China's beverage output hit 20.25 million tons, with a sales revenue of 55.15 billion yuan, but the total thickness of profit decreased by 20% to 3.97 billion yuan

of which:

-- beverage product share: Bottled drinking water 39%, carbonated beverages 30%, fruit and vegetable juice beverages 11%, others 20%

-- market share of beverage sales revenue: 35% of carbonated beverages, 10% of fruit and vegetable juice beverages, 8% of bottled drinking water, and 30% of others

-- profit segmentation of the beverage industry: carbonated beverages 40%, tea beverages 19%, fruit and vegetable juice beverages 10%, bottled drinking water 2%, others 29%

the above data show that in 2002, China's beverage market was dominated by the consumption of drinking aquatic products, the sales volume was still ahead of carbonated beverages, and the tea beverage with the highest profit margin was the emerging tea beverage. In 2003, China's beverage output was 23.74 million tons, an increase of 20% over 2002, which led to a substantial increase in all plastic packaging containers

1) bottled drinking water. The annual output is 9.56 million tons, including 4.02 million tons of barreled water and 5.54 million tons of bottled water. Purified drinking water enters thousands of households. At present, PVC and pet are the main 5-gallon drinking water buckets on the market. PVC drinking water barrels will be withdrawn from the market sooner or later due to the toxicity of additives. Pet drinking water barrels meet the requirements of food hygiene, but the market is chaotic, some shoddy, some old materials as new materials, so that the bacterial content of barreled water exceeds the standard from time to time. Now we have newly developed food grade PC (polycarbonate) raw materials. Shanghai and Bayer have signed a contract to build a 100000 ton production line, and the first phase was put into operation in 2003 with 50000 tons. In recent years, PC drinking buckets have developed rapidly. The annual output of Shanghai and Guangdong alone will exceed 50million tons, which is a great opportunity for the development of PC drink bottles. The aquatic product volume is 5.54 million tons, accounting for 1/4 of the total beverage volume. Most of the packaging bottles are plastic, most of which are PET bottles. The varieties are also expanded from the original mineral water to distilled water, purified water, active water, oxygen enriched water, space water, spring water and other bottled water. The requirements for the quality of packaging bottles are also higher and higher

2) carbonated beverages. With an annual output of 6.66 million tons, PET bottles account for 57% of its packaging. Zhuhai Zhongfu and Shanghai Zijiang group are large PET bottle manufacturers in China, accounting for 30% and 20% market shares of domestic PET bottle manufacturers respectively. Only Zhuhai Zhongfu produces 3.9 billion PET bottles annually. Among them, hot pot bottling has become the fastest-growing variety, with an annual growth rate of more than 50%

in recent years, a hot spot in plastic packaging at home and abroad is the development of transparent polypropylene (PP) packaging bottles. Sorbitol dimethylbenzene nucleating agent (transparent modifier) of 0.1~0.4 can be added to ordinary pp. PP bottles with high transparency will be a strong competitor to PET bottles

2. Beverage industry

beer is the fastest growing beverage industry. In 2002, China's beer production reached 23.86 million tons, ranking first in the world. In terms of 2002 million tons, the annual demand for beer packaging bottles is about 25-30 billion, which is a huge potential market for plastic packaging containers. Now beer bottles are all glass bottles, and people have been injured. In addition, the glass bottle is heavy, laborious to transport, inconvenient to carry, and there are many unsatisfactory places. Therefore, the market needs to develop polyester beer bottles. However, from a technical point of view, beer is different from ordinary carbonated beverages. Even a small amount of oxygen will change the flavor of beer, and the loss of carbon dioxide in beer will affect the characteristics of foam desert. Therefore, the requirements for the barrier of packaging are very high, and at the same time, it should meet the high temperature of sterilization. Zhuhai Zhongfu and Shanghai Ziguang group have made 500ml PET beer bottles, After 100 days of fresh-keeping, domestic PET beer bottles are about to come out. Heat resistant polyester bottles have developed rapidly in the world in recent years, especially the application of pet coating technology (plasma technology), which is internally coated with a 0.21mm carbon layer. Its barrier property is almost the same as that of glass. At the same time, it can withstand high-temperature sterilization. This kind of packaging bottle can also be used as hot cans of tea drinks and so on

the domestic scientific and technological circles are concerned about the new polyester bottle pen (polyethylene glycol nanoacid) because the molecular structure of pen is similar to that of pet, and the benzene ring is replaced by the nano ring, which makes pen have more beneficial impermeability than pet, UV protection, good heat resistance and high temperature resistance (the thermal change temperature of amorphous pen is 100 degrees, while that of pet is only 70 degrees). As Nai is separated from coal tar, China is rich in resources, while pet is extracted from oil, which is a shortage of resources in China. Pen is entering the beer industry, and it will lead to a packaging revolution

3. Edible vegetable oil

in 2002, the output of edible vegetable oil in China was 9.8 million tons, with a total output of 14.6 million tons, domestic demand of 17 million tons, and the domestic market has great potential. The main packaging of edible vegetable oil is also PET bottles. In 1996, there were 3billion pet oil bottles (barrels), and by 2002, it had reached 10billion, and maintained a strong momentum of annual growth rate of 20%. However, PET packaging of vegetable oil esters has defects. Vegetable oil will polymerize and produce carcinogens under the long-term ultraviolet radiation of sunlight, so UV resistant polyester materials such as pen should be most used for packaging

China has been developing degradable plastics since the sixth five year plan. In the "Tenth Five Year Plan" joint project, renewable resources starch is used to produce L-lactic acid, and polylactic acid is being made to become a fully degradable plastic. Now developed countries have achieved gratifying development. China's Shanghai Zhuangyuan group is also preparing to invest billions to produce polylactic acid as a fully degradable plastic, and this kind of packaging material will come out in the near future

III. conclusion

China is a large country with a population of 1.3 billion, and also a large country producing food. No food can be separated from packaging. Last year, China produced 300 million tons, accounting for 24% of the world's output, and the total amount of fruits reached 71 million tons, ranking first in the world in terms of production and sales. However, about 50% of vegetables and 30% of fruits were lost in the process of storage, transportation and sales, If there is suitable packaging (polyethylene film, polypropylene film, etc.), the loss will be greatly reduced. With the development of food technology, microwave technology, microwave food packaging containers will have great development: first, the improvement of packaging materials of 42.2 billion packages of instant noodles every year, etc